initial commit

i cant get the stage2 to load kernel, or the kernel to print.
it's 2 am so gn for now.

Signed-off-by: czjstmax <jstmaxlol@disroot.org>

16 files changed, 256 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..258cd57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+todo
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2de8f20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 czjstmax <jstmaxlol at disroot dot org>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e63e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+all:
+	# assemble bootloader
+	nasm -f bin src/boot.asm -o build/boot.bin
+	nasm -f elf32 src/boot_s2.asm -o build/boot_s2.o
+	# compile kernel
+	gcc -m32 -ffreestanding -nostdlib -c src/krn/mkern.c -o build/mkernel.o
+	# link
+	ld -m elf_i386 -T src/linker.ld -nostdlib -o build/s2.elf build/boot_s2.o build/mkernel.o
+	objcopy -O binary build/s2.elf build/s2.bin
+	# make .img
+	cat build/boot.bin build/s2.bin > build/mullos.img
+	# qemu test
+	qemu-system-x86_64 -drive format=raw,file=build/mullos.img
+
+clean:
+	rm -vf build/*
+
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71257aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+### müllos
+
+minimal x86_64 'operating system' experiment von czjstmax. \
+the name is based off the german word for trash. haha.
+
+---
+
+the objectives for müllos are to have:
+- a C compiler work on it
+- an integrated minimal userland shell.
+
+#### müllkernel
+the simple and very stoopid kernel for za müllos.
+
diff --git a/build/boot.bin b/build/boot.bin
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30c4d1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/boot.bin
diff --git a/build/boot_s2.o b/build/boot_s2.o
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1aee93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/boot_s2.o
diff --git a/build/mkernel.o b/build/mkernel.o
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..709e657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/mkernel.o
diff --git a/build/mullos.img b/build/mullos.img
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e707e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/mullos.img
diff --git a/build/s2.bin b/build/s2.bin
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..020ebf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/s2.bin
diff --git a/build/s2.elf b/build/s2.elf
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3bd6f0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/s2.elf
diff --git a/src/boot.asm b/src/boot.asm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..011c00f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/boot.asm
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+; boot.asm - stage 1
+
+[bits 16]
+[org 0x7C00]
+
+start:
+    xor ax, ax
+    mov ds, ax
+    mov es, ax
+    mov ss, ax
+
+                                    ; clear screen by big scrollup
+    mov ah, 0x06                    ; scrollup function
+    mov al, 0                       ; al contains the n of lines to scroll (0 is clearall)
+    mov bh, 0x07                    ; 'attribute byte' 0x07 is white on black
+    mov cx, 0x0000                  ; upper-left corner
+    mov dx, 0x184F                  ; bottom-right corner
+
+    int 0x10                        ; call
+                                    ; set cursor position back to default
+    mov ah, 0x02                    ; set cur pos function
+                                    ; position parameters:
+    mov bh, 0x00                    ; page number (0)
+    mov dh, 0x00                    ; row
+    mov dl, 0x00                    ; col
+
+    int 0x10                        ; call
+
+    mov si, msg1                    ; print msg1
+    call print_string
+
+    mov ah, 0x02                    ; set cur pos function
+                                    ; position parameters:
+    mov bh, 0x00                    ; page number (0)
+    mov dh, 0x01                    ; row
+    mov dl, 0x00                    ; col
+
+    int 0x10                        ; call
+
+    mov si, msg2                    ; print msg2
+    call print_string
+
+    mov ah, 0x02                    ; set cur pos function
+                                    ; position parameters:
+    mov bh, 0x00                    ; page number (0)
+    mov dh, 0x02                    ; row
+    mov dl, 0x00                    ; col
+
+    int 0x10                        ; call
+
+    mov si, msg3
+    call print_string
+
+    mov ah, 0x02                    ; set cur pos function
+                                    ; position parameters:
+    mov bh, 0x00                    ; page number (0)
+    mov dh, 0x03                    ; row
+    mov dl, 0x00                    ; col
+
+    int 0x10                        ; call
+
+load_stage2:
+    mov ax, 0x0000
+    mov es, ax
+    mov bx, 0x1000
+                                    ; load stage2 from disk - first sector at 0x1000
+    mov bx, 0x1000                  ; load address
+    mov dh, 0
+    mov ch, 0
+    mov cl, 2                        ; sector 2
+    mov al, 20                       ; sectors to read
+    mov ah, 0x02
+
+    int 0x13
+    jc halt
+
+                                    ; GDT for protected mode
+gdt_start:
+    dq 0
+    dq 0x00CF9A000000FFFF           ; code
+    dq 0x00CF92000000FFFF           ; data
+    gdt_end:
+
+gdt_descriptor:
+    dw gdt_end - gdt_start -1
+    dd gdt_start
+
+                                    ; enable protected mode cleanly and transfer to 32-bit stub
+    cli
+    lgdt [gdt_descriptor]
+
+    mov eax, cr0
+    or eax, 1
+    mov cr0, eax
+
+                                    ; far jump reloads CS with selector 0x08 and enters protected mode
+    jmp 0x08:pm_entry
+
+                                    ; 32-bit entry point
+    [bits 32]
+pm_entry:
+                                    ; reload data segment registers with data selector (0x10)
+    mov ax, 0x10
+    mov ds, ax
+    mov es, ax
+    mov fs, ax
+    mov gs, ax
+    mov ss, ax
+
+    mov esp, 0x90000                ; setup stack
+
+    mov eax, 0x1000                 ; jump to linear address 0x1000 (which wloud be where s2.bin was loaded)
+    jmp eax
+
+halt:
+    hlt
+    jmp halt
+
+print_string:
+    lodsb
+    cmp al, 0
+    je .done
+    mov ah, 0x0E
+    int 0x10
+    jmp print_string
+.done:
+    ret
+
+msg1 db `mull_bootloader hath bespoken unto thee:\n`, 0
+msg2 db `\"behold, \'O user! mull_kernel doth now commence its solemn journey!\"\n`, 0
+msg3 db `trying to kernel kernel :3`, 0
+
+times 510-($-$$) db 0
+dw 0xAA55
diff --git a/src/boot_s2.asm b/src/boot_s2.asm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b974827
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/boot_s2.asm
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+; boot_stage2.asm - stage2
+[bits 32]
+
+global _start
+extern kmain
+
+section .text
+
+_start:
+        ; reload segments
+        mov ax, 0x10
+        mov ds, ax
+        mov es, ax
+        mov ss, ax
+        mov fs, ax
+        mov gs, ax
+        mov esp, 0x90000                ; stack
+
+        mov dword [0xB8000], 0x07410741
+        call kmain
+
+        hlt
+
diff --git a/src/krn/api/std.h b/src/krn/api/std.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d22835f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/krn/api/std.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#define MÜLL_STD_H
+
+/*
+ *    Minimal 'standard library' for I/O basics
+ */
+
+// includes
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+volatile uint16_t* VGA = (volatile uint16_t*)0xB8000;
+uint16_t cursor = 0;
+
+void RealPrint(const char* str) {
+    while(*str) {
+        VGA[cursor++] = (uint8_t)(*str) | 0x0700; // white on black
+        str++;
+    }
+} 
diff --git a/src/krn/mkern.c b/src/krn/mkern.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bdc188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/krn/mkern.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#define MÜLL_KERN
+
+/*
+ *    müll_kernel
+ */
+
+#include "api/std.h"
+
+void kmain(void) __attribute__((noreturn));
+void kmain(void) {
+    RealPrint("the kernel says hii!");
+    while (1);
+}
diff --git a/src/linker.ld b/src/linker.ld
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6a4871
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/linker.ld
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+ENTRY(_start)
+
+SECTIONS {
+    . = 0x1000;
+    .text : { *(.text) }
+    .data : { *(.data) }
+    .bss  : { *(.bss) }
+}
diff --git a/src/linker_kernel.ld b/src/linker_kernel.ld
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1153734
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/linker_kernel.ld
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+ENTRY(kmain)
+SECTIONS {
+    . = 0x2000;             /* load kernel at 0x2000 */
+    .text : { *(.text) }
+    .data : { *(.data) }
+    .bss  : { *(.bss) }
+}